A new study published in BMC Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation evaluated the costs and benefits of offering two-dose human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination to 14-year-old females for free in Wuxi city, China, which was introduced in 2021. Compared to no vaccination, the delivery of two doses of bivalent HPV vaccine for 14-year-old females, free for beneficiaries, highly cost-effective and a more optimal strategy.
The two-dose of bivalent HPV vaccine for 100,000 14-year-old females would cost an additional 658,016 CNY compared to no vaccination, but would result in 1,960 Quality Adjustment Years of Life (QALYs). Using the per capita gross domestic product of 187,415 CNY in 2021 in Wuxi as the willingness-to-pay threshold, the vaccination strategy costs 3,357.37 CNY per QALY gained, which is much lower than the threshold, suggesting that it is a very cost-effective strategy. In addition, the vaccine strategy reduced the incidence of cervical cancer by 300 cases and cervical cancer deaths by 181 cases, representing a benefit-cost ratio of 2.86 (> 1) when health output outcomes were measured in monetary terms.
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