A new scoping review explores the economic evidence base for vaccine programs targeting malaria, measles, and meningitis in Africa. The study synthesizes cost-effectiveness and budget-impact analyses, finding that many vaccination programs show favorable value (low cost per disability-adjusted life year [DALY] averted) and manageable budget implications. Most studies found that the three vaccines were more cost-effective than no intervention or other public health interventions though evidence in African settings was limited. There was a substantial budget impact of introducing the malaria vaccine in 41 African countries, estimated at approximately US$185 million.
Thumbnail image credit: Gavi / 2025 / Jjumba Martin
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