This handbook covers principles of vaccine economics, costing immunization services, economic evaluation of vaccines and vaccine programs, and financing and resource tracking of vaccination programs [2023].
This guide brings together recommendations and guidance from many guidelines, tools and other documents on specific aspects of immunization and on specific vaccines [WHO, 2019].
These guidelines discuss the theory and practice of benefit-cost analysis, providing detailed information on diverse topics such as structuring the analysis, converting values across countries and over time, valuing changes in the risk of illness and death, addressing uncertainty, and reporting the results [Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 2019].
The Decade of Vaccine Economics (DOVE) project at IVAC-JHSPH published a methodology report, developed collaboratively with DOVE-ROI Core Advisory Group members from 9 institutions to support Gavi’s mid-term review and investment case. [DOVE, 2019].
The Full Value of Vaccines Assessments (FVVA) framework is designed to facilitate alignment across key stakeholders and to enhance decision-making around investment in vaccine development, policy-making, procurement, and introduction, particularly for vaccines intended for use in low- and middle-income countries [WHO, 2023].
The UNIVAC tool is a single universal vaccine impact and cost-effectiveness decision support model. Input estimates of age-specific disease burden, age/dose-specific vaccine coverage, and effectiveness allow for a simple evaluation of direct vaccination impact on health outcomes [ProVac Initiative, 2023].
Methods for quantifying the equity impacts of health programs in high, middle, and low-income countries. The methods can be tailored to analyze different equity concerns in different decision-making contexts [University of York, 2020].
This tool helps researchers develop cost-effective and efficient hierarchical clustered sample designs [EPIC Project and ProVac Initiative, 2019].
This presentation from IHEA 2023 covers a discussion of overall concept and methodological approach of meta-analysis of economic evaluations, a case study of influenza vaccination in elderly and health workers, and advancing methodology by addressing potential challenges [WHO, 2023].
If you have any suggestions of further tools for this page, please send them to immunizationeconomics@healthsystemsinsight.org.